One of the most common eye problems in malamutes is cataracts.  Cataracts are defined as an opacity or loss of transparency of the lens of the eye.  They are not uncommon in Alaskan malamutes, though their true prevalence is unknown.  Small, non-progressive cataracts will not interfere with vision, but complete cataracts (covering the entire lens) may result in blindness.  Many cataracts are genetically inherited, although the specific inheritance pattern for cataracts in the malamute has not been established. Non-hereditary cataracts also occur, resulting from other diseases, trauma, toxicity, metabolic disturbances, or aging.  With their acute sense of smell and hearing, most dogs quickly learn to compensate for vision loss.

Some cataracts can be seen with the naked eye, but most require special equipment for detection.  Your veterinarian will use an ophthalmoscope to determine the presence and severity of cataracts.  Treatment is nearly always conservative, particularly given that most cataracts do not affect the dog's quality of life and are not painful.  Cataracts can be removed surgically, but surgery is not advised if the degree of visual impairment is minimal.

Breeders must assume cataracts are inherited unless another cause can be identified - dogs with inherited cataracts should not be used for breeding.  Responsible breeders will screen their dog's eyes for cataracts and other ocular disorders.  When inquiring about purchasing a puppy, ask the breeder for evidence of screening of both parents within one year of the date of the breeding.  At this time, the only accepted certifying body among United States malamute breeders is CERF.

Source:
Developed from information contained on the 1998 Canine Inherited Disorders Database Web site